Skip to content
Back to Cell Atlas
ID: caf-cxcl12CL:0000057
Pancreas · Homo sapiensFlagship Case Study

Cancer-Associated Fibroblast

Cell Line: Primary Human Pancreatic CAF / CAF-1 · Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma

01Microscopy Image

3 Channels · 696 × 520 px · 0.1084 µm/px
Activated Human CAF under TGF-beta1 Induction
Primary Human Pancreatic CAF / CAF-1·confocalFlagship

Objective: 63x / 1.40 Oil DIC Plan-Apochromat · Leica TCS SP8 Confocal System

100%
10 µm
Provenance HUD

Staining: DAPI (Nuclei) / Alexa Fluor 488 (alpha-SMA) / Cy5 (CXCL12)

Treatment: +10 ng/mL recombinant human TGF-beta1 (48h exposure)

Resolution: 696 × 520 px (0.1084 µm/px)

Accession: S-BIAD823 / BBBC039v1 · CC-BY 4.0 International

Source: PMID: 15882617 / 10.1016/j.cell.2005.02.034

02Acquisition & Provenance Metadata

MICROSCOPELeica TCS SP8 Confocal System
OBJECTIVE63x / 1.40 Oil DIC Plan-Apochromat
PIXEL RESOLUTION0.1084 µm / pixel
STAINING PROTOCOLDAPI (Nuclei) / Alexa Fluor 488 (alpha-SMA) / Cy5 (CXCL12)
EXPERIMENTAL TREATMENT+10 ng/mL recombinant human TGF-beta1 (48h exposure)
ACCESSION & LICENSES-BIAD823 / BBBC039v1 · CC-BY 4.0 International

03Biological Context & Oncology Function

Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are prominent stromal cells in solid tumors. Upon activation by tumor-derived TGF-beta, CAFs undergo contractile transdifferentiation, produce dense collagenous extracellular matrix, and secrete immunosuppressive chemokines including CXCL12 (SDF-1) to exclude cytotoxic T lymphocytes from the tumor core.

Lineage: Mesenchymal stromal lineage

04Associated Genes (3)

ACTA2 Supported by literature

Encodes smooth muscle alpha-2 actin; canonical molecular marker for myofibroblastic CAF activation.

Ref: NCBI:59 / HGNC:130
CXCL12 Supported by literature

Encodes stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1); promotes tumor angiogenesis and T-cell exclusion.

Ref: NCBI:6387 / HGNC:10672
FAP Supported by literature

Cell-surface serine protease selectively expressed by reactive stromal fibroblasts in epithelial cancers.

Ref: NCBI:2191 / HGNC:3590

05Associated Proteins (2)

alpha-Smooth Muscle Actin Observed in image

Contractile cytoskeletal filament protein forming stress fibers that generate mechanical tissue tension.

Ref: UniProt:P62736
Stromal Cell-Derived Factor 1 Supported by literature

Chemoattractant cytokine that binds CXCR4 and CXCR7 on tumor and immune cells.

Ref: UniProt:P48061

06Biological Pathways (2)

TGF-beta Receptor Signaling Cascade Supported by literature

Primary biochemical driver of normal-to-CAF transdifferentiation via SMAD2/3 phosphorylation.

Reactome: Reactome:R-HSA-170834
CXCL12 / CXCR4 Immunosuppressive Axis Supported by literature

Signaling cascade that prevents cytotoxic CD8+ T-cell infiltration into desmoplastic tumor cores.

Reactome: Reactome:R-HSA-380108

07Associated Diseases & Pathologies (2)

Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma

Characterized by an exceptionally dense desmoplastic stroma comprising up to 80% of total tumor volume.

DOID: DOID:4074
Triple-Negative Breast Carcinoma

High CAF density correlates with therapeutic resistance and metastatic dissemination.

DOID: DOID:0060081

08Phenotypic Profiles & Morphology Metrics

Spindle Contractile Morphology Observed in image

Elongated bipolar morphology featuring dense intracellular actin stress fibers.

Extracellular Matrix Stiffening Inferred by model

Elevated Young's modulus of surrounding tissue resulting from aligned collagen crosslinking.

Model-Derived Nuclear Morphometry (StarDist2D (2D_versatile_fluo) + Cellpose 3.1.1.2)
OBJECTS SEGMENTED142
MEAN CIRCULARITY0.624
MEAN ASPECT RATIO2.84
EVIDENCE LEVEL□ Observed

09Literature Evidence (2)

Orimo et al. Cell (2005)PubMed:15882617

Stromal fibroblasts present in invasive human breast carcinomas promote tumor growth and angiogenesis through elevated CXCL12/SDF-1 secretion.

▤ Supported by literature
Feig et al. PNAS (2013)PubMed:24277834

Targeting CXCL12 from FAP-expressing carcinoma-associated fibroblasts synergizes with anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

▤ Supported by literature

10Dataset & Source Repository

Dataset Repository:Broad Institute Bioimage Benchmark & BioImage Archive
Accession Identifier:S-BIAD823 / BBBC039v1
Licensing Terms:CC-BY 4.0 International
Scientific Attribution:BioLayers Computational Oncology & Orimo / Feig Collaborative Studies